Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of, Western art, ecclesiastical and concert music, encompassing a broad period from roughly the 9th century to the 21st century. The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common practice period. It is still played by many of today’s musicians.

When used as a synonym for Western art music, the term encompasses a range of musical styles and approaches, ranging from compositional techniques (such as fugue) to entertaining operettas.